Lessons / Logical reasoning
Logical reasoning · Day 11

Odd One Out / Classification

Find the rule that three share. The odd one breaks it. Check primes, squares, cubes, even/odd, vowels, letter gaps.

Why this topic matters

Apple, mango, carrot, banana: carrot is the odd one because it is a vegetable. Find the rule three of them share.

Classification is quick marks: find a property that three options share and one does not.

Numbers and letters

Numbers: test prime or not, square or cube, even or odd, digit sum, divisible by something.

Letters: convert to positions and test gaps, vowels, opposite pairs.

Example 1Find the odd one: 27, 64, 125, 144, 216
  1. 27 = 33, 64 = 43, 125 = 53, 216 = 63.Cubes.
  2. 144 = 122 is not a cube.
Example 2Find the odd one: BD, FH, JL, NQ
  1. BD: gap 2. FH: 2. JL: 2. NQ: 3.Letter positions.
  2. NQ.

Formula summary

Numbers
Prime / composite, square / cube, divisible by, digit sum.
Letters
Gaps between letters, vowels, reverse pairs.
Words
Category (fruit, tool), function, part-whole.

Shortcuts and tricks

Letter-gap check

Use it when: Letter groups.

  1. Convert to positions and look at the gaps.
ExampleACE, BDF, GIK, LNQ
  1. Gaps 2,2 in the first three; LNQ is 2,3.

Before you move on, you should be able to...

  • test prime, square, cube, parity and digit sum
  • turn letters into positions and compare gaps

Practice questions (5)

Try each one before opening the solution. Or practise them one by one so your score is saved.

easy Odd one: 2, 3, 5, 9, 11
  1. Only non-prime.

Answer: 9

easy Odd one: 16, 25, 36, 48, 64
  1. Not a perfect square.

Answer: 48

easy Odd one: Apple, Mango, Potato, Banana
  1. Vegetable.

Answer: Potato

easy Odd one: 8, 27, 64, 100, 125
  1. Only non-cube.

Answer: 100

medium Odd one: AZ, BY, CX, DV
  1. Reverse pairs sum to 27: D(4)+W(23). DV is 4+22.

Answer: DV

Class plan (2 hours, for trainers)

A tested order for teaching this topic in one 2-hour session. Present mode follows the same order.

10 minWarm-up.
35 minNumber properties checklist.
30 minLetter groups by position.
40 minPractice set.
5 minRecap.